Contracts: force majeure

by Practical Law Commercial

Maintained | United Kingdom

A Practice note that explains the principle of force majeure under English law, what a force majeure clause does, and when it should be used. This note provides guidance on defining force majeure events and examines key concepts such as what constitutes an event beyond a party's reasonable control and the different legal thresholds of being "prevented," "hindered," or "delayed" from performance. The guidance covers the duty to take reasonable steps to mitigate an event's effects, addresses the procedural requirements for invoking a clause, such as giving notice, and outlines the typical effects, including suspension and termination rights. Finally, this note summarises the statutory controls that apply under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 (UCTA).

Get access to this document with Practical Law

Why Practical Law?

Gain a built-in attorney network

Practical Law’s resources are written and maintained by over 650 dedicated, full-time attorney-editors globally. They’re highly qualified, having practiced at the world’s leading law firms, corporate law departments, and government agencies, so they understand the challenges you face. They dedicate themselves to creating resources to help you navigate the new legal realities, legislative changes, and practice areas impacting your clients or organisation.

See how to leverage the expertise of Practical Law’s attorney-editors to help you practice more efficiently.

Expert guidance

650+ full-time, experienced attorney-editors keep you up to date globally

Total resources

118,000+ total resources across 17 practice areas ensure comprehensive coverage

Timely updates 

150,000+ hours spent in 2025 maintaining and updating resources

Experience Practical Law